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Fieldnote: Angels Sent for Migrants in Rempek Village (March 28th, 2019)

At 5 AM after the dawn call to prayer, the ship finally arrived at the Lembar Port in Lombok. As promised, I was picked up by Mr. Gunawan to his house to rest for a while before continuing the journey to Mataram. At 7 AM I left for the Panca Karsa Office to meet with Mrs. Lina, a friend of my aunt. Mrs. Lina was very friendly and immediately told me a story related to the NGO where she works.

Mrs. Endang is opening a Village Level Regulation Training event, 2019

The Panca Karsa group was founded in 1988. It was conceived by Mrs. Endang who was also the chief director for 11 years. With an advocacy background, the members who are, on average, former law students aim to help PMI (Indonesian Migrant Workers) or BMI (Indonesian Migrant Workers) get rid of various problems. The target of their assistance is in five villages in North Lombok Regency (KLU), among which I know are Rempek Village and Teniga Village. That day Panca Karsa provided training to 20 selected people. The training provided goes both ways. The participants are invited to discuss and describe the various problems that exist in their respective villages.


Problems reviewed by residents of Teniga Village, 2019

We can see the problems related to BMI according to the residents of Teniga Village were in their background as migrant workers, problems before departure, and problems when they have arrived in the destination country. The main reason for being a migrant worker is because the agricultural sector is increasingly marginalized. Other than that, there are problems like women who try to survive after their husbands die or divorce. They try to support themselves and the children they leave behind in Indonesia. BMI candidates often find their way overseas through illegal recruitment agencies. With an unclear contract and without sufficient training, many BMI end up with inappropriate treatment.


A resident of Teniga Village explained the problem that had been discussed, 2019

The treatment consists of physical violence, sexual harassment, working hours that are not in accordance with the contract, and inadequate salary. When they returned, they found that their husbands had remarried and the money they had gotten when becoming a BMI was not well managed. So that becoming a BMI is not beneficial, but detrimental, especially for women. Panca Karsa provides solutions through legal basis and assistance in administration through legal channels so that citizens who want to become migrant workers can be treated humanely.

Warga Desa Teniga sedang berdiskusi terkait permasalahan BMI, 2019

Besides Panca Karsa, I also met with Mrs. Marnim, founder of Kopwan Meleko Bangkit. Meleko Bangkit was first established as an effort to deal with the post-disaster situation. This group consists of 20 wives who are members of the Forest Farmers Group (KTH) with the main savings in the form of dried coffee beans.  Mrs. Marnim once received benefits from the Building Resilience Program. Now, Meleko Bangkit develops business units with other activities such as savings and loans, coffee processing, bamboo weaving processing, and the use of porang in the forest area. They also encourage how to use the home-yard as a family food savings.


Kopwan Meleko Bangkit history banner, 2019


Indonesian translation:


Pukul 05.00 setelah adzan subuh berkumandang, akhirnya kapal bersandar di Pelabuhan Lembar. Sesuai janji, saya dijemput oleh Pak Gunawan menuju rumahnya untuk beristirahat sejenak sebelum melanjutkan perjalanan ke Mataram. Pukul 07.00 saya berangkat ke Kantor Panca Karsa untuk bertemu dengan Bu Lina. Ketika pertama kali bertemu, Bu Lina langsung bercerita terkait dengan LSM tempatnya bekerja.

Kelompok Panca Karsa berdiri pada tahun 1988. Digagas oleh Ibu Endang yang juga menjadi direktur utamanya selama 11 tahun. Dengan latar belakang advokasi, para anggota yang rata-rata mantan mahasiswa hukum tersebut bertujuan untuk membantu PMI (Pekerja Migran Indonesia) atau BMI (Buruh Migran Indonesia) agar lepas dari berbagai permasalahan. Sasaran dari bantuan mereka terdapat di lima desa di Kabupaten Lombok Utara (KLU), di antaranya yang saya tau adalah Desa Rempek dan Desa Teniga. Hari itu Panca Karsa memberikan pelatihan pada 20 warga desa terpilih. Pelatihan yang diberikan berlangsung dua arah. Warga diajak berdiskusi dah menjabarkan berbagai permasalahan yang ada di desanya masing-masing.

Dapat kita lihat masalah-masalah terkait BMI menurut warga Desa Teniga ada pada latar belakang mereka menjadi TKI, masalah sebelum keberangkatan, dan masalah ketika sudah tiba di negara tujuan. Selain alasan pekerjaan sektor pertanian yang semakin terhimpit, adapula masalah seperti perempuan yang berusaha bertahan hidup setelah ditinggal mati oleh suaminya atau bercerai. Mereka berusaha menghidupi dirinya dan anak-anak yang mereka tinggalkan di Indonesia. Seringkali calon BMI mencari jalan ke luar negeri melalui PJTKI yang illegal. Dengan kontrak yang tidak jelas serta tanpa bekal pelatihan yang cukup, akhirnya banyak dari BMI yang mengalami perlakuan tidak pantas.
Perlakuan tersebut berupa kekerasan fisik, pelecehan seksual, jam kerja yang tidak sesuai kontrak, dan gaji yang tidak mencukupi. Ketika pulang, mereka malah mendapati suami mereka sudah menikah lagi dan uang yang didapat ketika menjadi BMI tidak dikelola dengan baik (dihambur-hamburkan). Sehingga menjadi BMI bukannya menguntungkan, malah merugikan, terutama bagi kaum perempuan. Panca Karsa memberikan solusi lewat bekal dasar hukum dan bantuan untuk mengurus administrasi lewat jalur legal agar warga yang ingin menjadi BMI dapat diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Mensejahterakan warga bukanlah hal yang mudah. Memang benar kata orang, hukum itu berguna untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat, tetapi seringkali kenyataan di lapangan membuat hukum itu tidak berlaku sepenuhnya.

Selain Panca Karsa, saya juga bertemu dengan Ibu Marnim, pendiri Kopwan Meleko Bangkit. Mulanya Meleko Bai sebagai salah satu upaya menghadapi situasi pascabencana. Kelompok ini terdiri dari 20 orang istri anggota Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) dengan simpanan pokok berupa biji kopi kering. Ibu Marnim pernah menerima manfaat dari Program Pengurangan Resiko Bencana (Building Resilience). Saat ini Kopwan Meleko Bangkit mengembangkan unit usaha dengan kegiatan lain seperti simpan-pinjam, pengolahan kopi, pengolahan anyaman bambu, dan pemanfaatan umbi porang di kawasan hutan. Selain itu mereka juga mendorong pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah untuk memenuhi pangan keluarga.

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